Frameworks for Public Policy
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A growing collection of mental models for thinking about policy, drawn from books, papers, and 350+ editions of Anticipating the Unintended. Search for a topic to find relevant frameworks and what we’ve written about it.

Curated and explained by Pranay Kotasthane.

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What we’ve written

Relevant excerpts from six years of Anticipating the Unintended, grouped by author.

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Three frameworks that show the range of what’s on this site — analysis, evaluation, politics.

Wicked Problems
Public Policy
summary Some policy problems resist clean definition and have no single right answer — only better and worse responses.

Outlays, Outputs, Outcomes
Public Policy
summary Money spent is not the same as work done, and work done is not the same as lives changed. Track all three.

The Overton Window
Political Thinking
summary On any issue, only a narrow band of positions is considered politically acceptable. The band moves.
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Public Policy
Frameworks for defining policy problems, analysing failures, and matching tools to objectives.

Political Thinking
How political coalitions form, narratives travel, and ideas become acceptable.

Public Finance
State functions, debt sustainability, taxation, and fiscal federalism.

Foreign Policy & Geopolitics
State behaviour, deterrence, world orders, and India’s strategic choices.

Society
Social norms, networked societies, ideology, and information ecosystems.

Universe
Modelling, trade-offs, and frameworks that cut across domains.

Companion to publicpolicy.substack.com. Curated by Pranay Kotasthane.

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